Characters: Bernardas Daughters. Bernadette embodies the tyranny of a misogynist woman. Cantigas Gallego-Portugesas. Mara. Ultimately, Lorca does not want a complete dynamism between freedom and authority in which one triumphs over the complete destruction of another. Determined, nevertheless, to defend her familys honour, Bernarda predictably prohibits men entering her house, even those who have attended her second husbands funeral: I dont want them passing through here, she informs La Poncia (Act I, 125). The repression Bernarda represents is stifling, and the daughters are embroiled in their own personalities. There is an Open Access version for this licensed article that can be read free of charge and without license restrictions. Las Hilanderas or The Fable of Arachne. TOLEDO. Painting in Spains Golden Age. La casa de Bernarda Alba 1982 1 h 40 m IMDb RATING 5.9 /10 21 YOUR RATING Rate Drama Bernarda Alba, a domineering, reclusive, ostentatiously-pious widow in a small Spanish town, keeps such close watch on her daughters that they are unable to have normal social lives. It has been my observation that both poles of absolute freedom personified by Adela and absolute authority as personified by Bernarda lead to ruin. Originality, Variety. "The House of Bernarda Alba Essay Questions". The most egregious example can be seen in the brief family history of Adelaida, a neighbour. Spanish poet and playwright Federico Garca Lorca witnessed the rise of the fascists and the devastating civil war in his country. In the play, The House of Bernarda Alba by Federico Garcia Lorca, oppression, death, depression, and desire are recurrent themes that relate to each other. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Bermejazo platero de las cumbres. Alemn. In this case, Bernarda is vociferous in clamouring for her death. Tirso de Molina. The House of Bernarda Alba is a shocking play filled with symbolically loaded poetry. Much of the play is built of symbols, and Pepe is no different. Martirio and Bernarda return and imply that Pepe has been killed. Second Spanish Republic. For a summary of Act I, click here; for Acts II and III, click here. GRANADA to the 16th century. Lorca's play confines itself to only female characters. Adela shows the most horror when the family hears the latest gossip about how the townspeople recently tortured a young woman who had delivered and killed an illegitimate baby. In the end, the story of this play is extremely simple - what matters is the experience of feeling locked in the world of the daughters. Historical Overview of Europes once mightiest City. Characteristics. Adela expresses her frustration clearly when she and her sisters and La Poncia hear the harvesters singing on their way back to work: Ay, I wish that I could also go out to the fields! (Act II, 159). 1 / 32. The Supper at Emmaus. Catalonias Unique Style. Pepe "el Romano", the love interest of Bernarda's daughters and suitor of Angustias, never appears on stage. The Church June 1931-November 1933. Non, je n'ai pas pris de photos de la place de la Concorde. Esta obra teatral se llama La casa de Bernarda Alba. One could argue that by trying to master her sexuality, Adela is defeated, as though her sexuality were too strong. The Catholic Church after the Spanish Civil War. In the world today there still exists societies where strong patriarchal/matriarchal families are the norm. His precise descriptions of the color of rooms, the use of strange devices (like Maria Josefa's song), and the heightened moments all create an atmosphere of claustrophobia and visceral unease. Day 5. So even though La Poncia is particularly rotted by class rather than by sexual repression, she and Bernarda are so close because both of them understand that the world yields this animosity, especially in women. Or the scandal of the daughter of La Librada (a local widow), who had given birth to a child by an unknown father and killed it to cover her shame and left it buried under some stones (Act II, 175). Invite others to join in 9. In their production of Federico Garca Lorcas The House of Bernarda Alba, director Leticia Cceres and playwright Patricia Cornelius show us that it can. [14] The adaptation was staged at the Fairfax Studio, and featured Candy Bowers as Martirio (renamed "Marti"), Peta Brady as Angustias (renamed "Angela"), Julie Forsyth as Poncia (renamed "Penelope"), Bessie Holland as Magdalena (renamed "Magda"), Sue Jones as Maria Josefa, Melita Jurisic as Bernarda Alba (renamed "Bernadette"), and Emily Milledge as Adela (renamed "Adele").[15][16]. The House of Bernarda Alba holds many themes in regards to the realms of social/political position, authority and sexual behavior. Len. Velzquez (1599-1660). Spain Golden Age Literature. Velzquez. Fray Luis de Len. Garcilaso de la Vega 1501?-1536. The adaptation was done by Yassine Fennane, and played by Nora Skalli, Samia Akariou, Nadia El Alami, Sadia Azegoun, Sadia Ladib and Hind Esadidi. Youngest sister Adela, stricken with sudden spirit and jubilation after her father's funeral, defies her mother's orders and dons a green dress instead of remaining in mourning black. Pepe, Adela and the Consequences of Dishonour. When the lights emulate sunset or sunrise, elongated bar shadows are projected onto the stage floor. We know that Pepe is authorized to court Angustias at her window, but where does he meet Adela? Crdobas Mosque: Muslim Calligraphy and Christian Imagery. Men may not enter Bernardas house, but she cannot prevent them passing by her house, including Pepe. Angustias inherited a large sum of money from Bernarda's first husband, while Bernarda's second husband has left only small sums to his four daughters. The House of Bernarda Alba explores themes of repression, passion and conformity through the depiction of a matriarch's domination of her five daughters. It is there that Bernardas second husband lifted the Criadas petticoat (Act I, 123), and it is there that the stud stallion will mate with Bernardas fillies (Act III, 178). Part II (1615). Romances of Chivalry. There are no men in this play, nor are there in Patricia Corneliuss ingenious and powerful adaptation. As a queer man, Lorca knew the torture of imposed silence too well. Romances of Chivalry. To address Pepes importance first: It is around him that Lorca creates a drama based on his relationship with two of Bernardas daughters, the oldest, Angustias, and the youngest, Adela. Overview (1). Spains Jamn Ibrico. 1 / 32. After a mourning ritual at the family home, eldest daughter Angustias enters, having been absent while the guests were there. Hero or Religious Extremist? Appalled that Angustias would defy her orders to remain in a state of mourning, Bernarda violently scrubs the makeup off her face. Generation of 1898. El Capricho. Garcilaso de la Vega. The Left Reacts. Overview (2). Gngora. Not affiliated with Harvard College. tions of chorus in La casa de Bernarda Alba, are more intimately linked with the action and circumstances of the play than were the decorative, half-fantastic woodsmen seen in Bodas de sangre or the picturesque washerwomen in Yerma. Bernardas obsession with honour obeys a social attitude that stretches back centuries and finds fertile ground in Spains Golden Age (approx. 1. The performances are nuanced and complex, providing reasons to understand the characters even in their most questionable actions. Casas Viejas, January 1933. about gender in La casa de Bernarda Alba brings us to a consideration of the function of dramatic space in the . A loud noise is heard; Bernarda immediately calls for Adela, who has locked herself into a room. Pepe: Example of Male Behaviour and Freedom. The final two players are Bernadettes senile mother, Maria (Sue Jones), who is kept locked up in the back of the house, and the housekeeper, Penelope (Julie Forsyth). 20th Century. The theme of sexual impulses is first seen by the gossip of the men, as recounted by Ponsia regarding the woman, Paca la Roseta and her lovers lustful engagements. Garcia Lorca did not include it in his plan for a "trilogy of the Spanish land" (which remained unfinished at the time of his murder).[1]. Garcia Lorca described the play in its subtitle as a drama of women in the villages of Spain. Velzquez. Don Quixote. Casa Batll, La Pedrera, Park Gell. However, where her sisters internalize their lust and it turns to bitterness, Adela forces it outwards and risks the shame and potential harm of a public affair with Pepe. Lorca. Zurbarn 1598-1664. New Epic or Novel? The fact that she was not allowed, under her society's strictures, to have challenged her husband's decision to banish the daughter, means that religion only presents her with a way to make peace with rather than challenge the status quo. Indiana University of Pennsylvania is a leading public, doctoral/research university, strongly committed to undergraduate and graduate instruction, scholarship, and public service. Integrate initiatives to broader strategy 3. This explains much of both Bernarda's disdain for lower class people and her daughters' aloofness. No doubt they do see each other at her window, but it is clear too that they both have access to the houses corral (enclosed yard), a place of erotic encounters to judge from what we learn in the play. There are over 143 million records that can be searched in the TIB Portal. When it comes to your children youre blind, forewarns Penelope. A Catalan Architect Par Excellence. LA CASA DE BERNARDA ALBA. Suddenly they see Pepe coming down the street. Sonnet 23. Burgo de O to Sos del Rey, Travel 2013. Maurer, Christopher. Another possible tragic force is repression. Home Human Rights Gender Equality and HumanRights A Sociological Analysis of Gender in Literature: The House of BernadaAlba. Zurbarn. [9], In 2006, the play was adapted into musical form by Michael John LaChiusa. Cceress direction is almost geometric: she creates a formal movement of bodies across the space that seems to grow organically out of the action. Arab Moorish Influence on Agriculture in Al-Andalus. The House of Bernarda Alba is Lorca's last and possibly finest play, completed shortly before he was murdered by Nationalist sympathisers at . While Bernarda seems to care a lot about how she is perceived, the truth is that the townspeople are harshly devoted to their gossip and judgments, so much so that they force a young girl to murder her baby rather than own up to giving birth out of wedlock, and ultimately to die for her mistake. They are shocked, but there is envy and frustration in Adelas observation and Amelias reflection: They [men] are forgiven everything (Act II, 159), and Amelias reflection that To be born a woman is the greatest punishment (Act II. This production is notable for both its boldness and restraint. General Miguel Primo de Rivera: The Fall of a Dictator. Book of Good Love: Libro de buen amor. University of Melbourne provides funding as a founding partner of The Conversation AU. Al-Andalus: 10th Century. .a{fill:#8499a3} Charles Vs Palace in the Alhambra. Velzquez. La Casa de Bernarda Alba is a Spanish play written by Federico Garca Lorca in the 1940s. La Vida es Sueo. For example, Adelaidas fianc would not let her as far as the doorstep let alone attend the funeral of Bernardas second husband (Act I, 135). A young man, Peter Romano, shows a sudden interest in Angela, raising both suspicion and repressed passion among her siblings. This imposition of silence and repressive behaviour impedes Bernadette from seeing the approaching tragedy. Al-Andalus. The play was adapted as an opera, Bernarda Albas Haus, by Aribert Reimann; it premiered in 2000. Gender inequality is a social and cultural phenomenon in which there is discrimination against people due to their gender. Characters: Bernarda. Poncia claims that There is a storm cloud gathered in every room of this house. Servants grumble against Bernardas overly strict orders regarding cleanliness. Despite this, men are inevitably present inside Bernadettes house: in the sisters conversations, in Penelopes retelling of external gossip, in the urn with the ashes of their father, symbolically witnessing their actions. The mourning period further isolates them and tension mounts within the household. B: Oui, j'ai pris des photos de la place de la Concorde. Bernarda, her five unmarried daughters Angustias, Magdalena, Amelia, Martirio and Adela, her deranged mother (Maria Josefa), and two servants, La Poncia and the other called simply Criada (i. e. Attached to the walls, numerous air conditioners warn of the suffocating summer ahead in rural Western Australia. The result is remarkably beautiful theatre that looks squarely at the murderous silence at the core of oppression. inequality physically restrained political ? Why Santiago de Compostela? [The Alba household is made up entirely of women, nine in all. Gender inequality is discrimination on the basis of sex or gender causing one sex or gender to be routinely privileged or prioritized over another. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions So why is Pepe el Romano important and why are men prohibited from entering the house? Life is a Dream. The Right Takes Charge. Thatchers victories were no wins for womankind: she had no interest at all, as she often declared, in fighting for her sex. Alemn. Hispanic Journal is devoted to the research and criticism in the areas of Spanish, Catalan, Galician, Basque and Portuguese literatures and cultures, and Spanish and Portuguese linguistics. In it, Lorca criticised the complicit silence around violence towards women - the same retrograde conservatism that would end his life. Perhaps the tragic force is sexuality. The romantic relationships with Pepe, particularly Adelas takes the form of a sexual rebellion against Bernardas codes of behavior. Al-Andalus. In the play, after the death of her second husband, Bernarda subjects her five daughters to eight years of rigorous mourning in which no breath of air is going to get into this house. In Corneliuss contemporary adaptation, Bernarda is Bernadette; the five daughters are now four; and the time of confinement at home is eight weeks. They have realistic psychological problems, and instances of poetic language are surprisingly few. In The House of Bernarda Alba, Lorca looks squarely at the tyranny of the patriarchal woman. She seems to care more about how she is perceived by neighbors than about the happiness of her own girls. Visiting Crdoba, a Silent City with Dazzling Sights. The House of Bernarda Alba ( Spanish: La casa de Bernarda Alba) is a play by the Spanish dramatist Federico Garca Lorca. Would it be accurate to call The House of Bernarda Alba a feminist work? The House of Bernarda Alba: The House. Velzquezs Early Years and Seville, 1599-1623. Architecture as Cultural Signpost in Spain. Irine Vela and Jethro Woodwards sound design dramatically accompanies the different phases of confinement. In 1967, choreographer Eleo Pomare adapted the play into his ballet, Las Desenamoradas,[8] featuring music by John Coltrane. For example, at the social level, women might appear . San Juan de la Pea and Alquzar, Travel 2017. More books than SparkNotes. La Poncia gives it a slight twist: after fifteen days of marriage, a man leaves his bed for the table and then proceeds from the table to the bar and the wife who doesnt go along with it is left rotting and weeping in a corner (Act II, 151). Golden Age Religious Painting and Flemish Influence. Adela flees into another room. Traditionally, too, family honour was embodied in the women especially wives and daughters, and with five unmarried daughters, Bernarda has her work cut out! 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