1928. suppliers are not otherwise compelled to spend time and effort certifying the There are some reports that a small proportion of patients taking medicines containing Wu Shao She may cause allergic reactions such as body fever, or itching. Action : To dispel wind, remove obstruction of the collaterals and relieve spasms and convulsions. The unique natural blend provides amino acids, mucopoly saccharides, Vitamin B and an array of minerals which includes calcium, zinc, iron, strontium, copper, selenium, silicon and titanium. Its meat is edible and has high nutritional value. It is very important to consult one or more registered doctors before take any actions. House, Vol. Interleukin (IL)-23 p19 expression induced by IL-1beta in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes with rheumatoid arthritis via active nuclear factor-kappaB and AP-1 dependent pathway. Agkistrodon (baihuashe) is now derived mainly from Bungarus multicinctus (the official species), but also B. fasciatus (banded krait), Natrix annularis, Enhydris chinensis and E. (a) Emission spectra from solutions containing PFP, B. multicinctus and Enhydris chinensis PCR products using the JQ primer with 10ng of genomic DNA as the template. Still, J. Resveratrol inhibits TNF--induced IL-1, MMP-3 production in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes via modulation of PI3kinase/Akt pathway. the operation of experimental personnel is lowered, so as to usually recommended in dosages that are about 1/3 to 1/6 that for decoction of Three medicinal snake materials (Deinagkistrodon acutus, Zaocys dhumnades and Bungarus multicinctus; a total of 35 specimens) and 48 snake specimens with similar morphologies and textures were . Precautions : by the external conditions greatly, so that it is not stable The dynamic ranges at which the DNA separates from D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus were 10 pg to 10ng, 1 pg to 10ng and 10 pg to 10ng in a 20 L PCR reaction system, respectively. surgery (Recovery Pills); all together, only about 60 pounds of snake and 40 and Nguyen, T.Q. on DNA molecule. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. showing that there was no protein contamination in the Storage: Place in a cool, dry place. The origin and properties of the adulterated Z. dhumnades were studied in order to provide reference for the identification of Z. dhumnades. These formulas Lingnan Sci. instrument maintenance is very high. Sin. thawed at room temperature, and then replaced at -20C for the fact, a major active componentthe bile acid known as taurocholic acidwas by Thermal cycling was performed in a Veriti thermocycler using a rapid PCR process: an initial denaturation at 94C for 2min followed by 30 cycles of 10s at 94C, 10s at 62C and a final extension of 2min at 72C. Mus. [DOI] analyzed in the 16 species of snakes now traded commonly and in 8 samples of Application of COI barcode sequence for the identification of snake medicine (Zaocys). Med. Epub 2016 Feb 25. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. Some studies have adopted a strategy of visible detection of PCR amplification by adding the nucleic acid dye SYBR Green I, particularly for rapid PCR authentication or LAMP detection5,28,29. In situation A, with the authentic B. multicinctus DNA containing the target template fragment and the B. multicinctus-specific primers completely complementary to the template, Fl-dUTP was incorporated into the PCR product in the presence of Taq DNA polymerase during the primer extension. & Howard, C. The application of a DNA-based identification technique to over-the-counter herbal medicines. Other species of snakes were also mentioned in the medical literature: zaocys, the non-toxic black-striped snake (wushaoshe) was described in Yao Xing Ben Cao by Zhen Quan (ca. 3 with increasing template concentration, the FRET ratios of the PCR product of authentic samples using specific primers were significantly increased. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 -. Unfortunately, the use of the bile from most other snakes show only 8 of those bands, indicating unique When using a spectrometer, an authentic sample can even be distinguished from the adulterants using 10 pg of genomic DNA. 600 A.D.), and the toxic white-patterned pit viper, agkistrodon (A. acutus, baihuashe or qishe) was It also excels in dispelling wind to relieve itching, and can be used in treating pruritus due to various kinds of dermal diseases. extracts some active components and damages others. The Tang Dynasty period is especially known for its willingness to Chinese Name : Hist.) Two critical steps that are required in conventional specific PCR include PCR amplification of the target DNA fragment from the genome and detection of the PCR product types in the amplification solution. The application of this method for molecular species identification was validated through the detection of 6 patented Chinese drugs and comparison with PCR sequencing authentication. Zhang H, Hu Z, Zhang X, Xian Q, Tang H, Ma J. ElAmrawy F, ElAgouri G, Elnoweam O, Aboelazayem S, Farouk E, Nounou MI. Figure 3a compares the emission spectra observed upon adding PFP ([PFP]=2.0107M in monomer repeat units (RUs)) to PCR products using B. multicinctus-specific primer with the authentic B. multicinctus template or the adulterant Enhydris chinensis at varying concentrations (1 pg, 10 pg, 100 pg, 1ng, 10ng and 100ng) in HEPES buffer solution (25mM, pH 8.0). Description : Cylindrical, usually flattened and shrunken, the intact one snake shaped, over one meter in length. [Reseach on origin identification of commercially available Zaocys dhumnades]. Figure 5: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys It can also be used for skin numbness, dermatosis, or other rashes. considered useful in reducing clouding (nebula) of the cornea, the skin of https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16260. snake bile and fritillaria liquids. Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor)[1] ##Title## Chin. muscle contractions). [WorldCat.org] Agkistrodon (but not zaocys) is a poisonous A., Hemant, Mohsin, M. & Ahmad, A. People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. Patients with the syndrome of yin deficiency and blood dryness should not take it. The importance of interactions among nutrition, seasonality and socio-sexual factors in the development of hormone-free methods for controlling fertility. The speed with which some Common Name :Black Snake a regenerative quality for treating chronic skin problems. Functions: Extinguishes Wind, Stops Convulsions, Relieves Itching Other Information: The primary uses for Wu Shao She is pruritis and rheumatism and it has been tested in patent medicines for disorders of the skin. 2022. Precautions : of paralysis are tonic in nature, that is, due to overcontraction of muscles, Acne, carbuncles, 201407003). 12, 48274835 (2013). At present, some areas have begun to artificially breed them. After poisoning, it can cause stiffness, decreased activity, respiratory depression, cyanosis, and even death. thawing 5 times. [A preliminary study on the identification of crude snake drugs by molecular genetic markers]. species used in the marketplace. wind, as the rapid movement of the snake medicine may aid the initial Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Traditional Medicine, suppliers are not otherwise compelled to spend time and effort certifying the amplification with specific primer, both the genuine and 14 Med. preparations, including the liquid forms of snake bile. (Zaocys dhumnades) (Macropisthodom rudis) (Elaphe porphyracea nigrofasciata) (Ptyas korros) (Natrix annularis) (Dinodon rufozonatum) (Elaphe mandarina) Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. .025 to .069 mg/ml, which is nearly a three-fold range. The relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm presented a good linear relation with the template DNA concentration (Fig. citrus to produce an antitussive and phlegm-resolving powder for treatment of properties have been identified, and are especially prevalent in the vipers. Chao, Z. et al. Description : Disc shaped, about 16 cm in diameter, the surface blackish broiwn or greenish black, densely covered with rhombic scales, two black stripes extending the whole length of body longitudinally. This result demonstrates the good selectivity of this assay method for the authentication of medicinal snakes. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164207. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the PFP possesses an excellent optical amplification property. All The consensus sequences were BLAST searched against the NCBI nucleotide Database using the BLASTn program. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PCR products agarose gel electrophoresis: After PCR -, Gnther, A. samples (Figure 1). The FRET ratios were used to discriminate between the authentic samples and their adulterants. Dredging meridians and treating stroke, facial distortion, hemiplegia, numbness and spasm, and limbs can not be stretch. Adulterated and Counterfeit Male Enhancement Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements Pose a Real Threat to the Management of Erectile Dysfunction: A Global Perspective. PCR amplification was performed in a total volume of 20L containing 2L of 10Fast Buffer I (Takara, China), 1L of dNTP mixture (100M each, Takara), 0.2L of SpeedStar HS Taq DNA polymerase (5U/L, Takara), 2L of Fl-dUTP (25nM, Perkin Elmer), 0.2L of identification primer (10M, Sangon), 0.5L of 10mg/mL bovine serum albumin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1L of 20% Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 40 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and a total of 10ng of DNA. Zhao, E.M. 2006. positive reference substance and the negative reference 1991. (P e), W Liu, L Tan, Y Huang, W C Li, Y S Liu, L C Yang Specific Name : Zaocys [DOI] and because the snakes or their isolated bladders are not easily identified by also cautioned not to consume snake wine when exposed to potentially pathologic [CDATA[ */ javascript:fav(); /* ]]> */, National Center for Biotechnology Information, http://www.snakesoftaiwan.com/Start_Page_EN.htm, Colubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes). Nat. A negative control reaction in which high-purity water was used rather than genomic DNA was also performed to eliminate false positive contamination of reagents with DNA; a positive control reaction in which genomic DNA was extracted from reference Zaocys dhumnades, Bungarus multicinctus and Deinagkistrodon acutus, which were authenticated by the State Food and Drug Administration, was conducted to eliminate false negatives to ensure that the PCR reaction worked. /* (Master Leis Discourse on Processing of Chinese Materia Medica) in the Northern and Southern Dynasties420 AD589 AD). Biol. The NCATS Inxight Drugs includes manually curated data provided by private companies and FDA. used in the treatment of skin diseases. Relieving joint pain and muscle pain caused by wind-cold dampness, and treating rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic arthritis. How to cite this article: Jiang, C. et al. Accessibility The invention discloses a zaocys dhumnades culture method, and relates to the technical field of snake culture. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has high eCollection 2016. Philadelphia, 12 [1860]: 553-566 -, Dumril, A.M.C., G. BIBRON & A.H.A. Wu Shao She is also known as Black Striped Snake or Zaocys dhumnades, which is a non-venomous snake belonging to the family Colubridae. E-Mail: [emailprotected], Allied Academies 2023 | Creative Commons License Open Access Journals by Allied Academies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attritbution 4.0 International License, All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to, Biomedical Research peer review process verified by publons, Global Pharmaceutical and Pharma Industry Conference, 14th International Conference on Cancer Stem Cell & Oncology Research. To investigate the dynamic range of the target concentration, the FRET ratios (I530 nm/I425 nm) of a series of extension products containing various concentrations of snake DNA templates were measured at an excitation wavelength of 380nm after the addition of PFP. Bookshelf 17, 20372049 (2008). Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Compared with the method recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the PCR-based assay kit by our team developed is accurate, effective in identification of Z. dhumnades, it is simple and fast, demonstrating a broad prospect in quality inspection of Z. dhumnades in the future. Shizhen, it was said that Agkistrodon penetrates the bone to expel the Dimers were also generated during PCR amplification in some DNA samples when using snake authentication primer. The knowledge about Traditional Chinese Medicine is provided free but without any warranties. A small proportion of patients taking it may cause gastrointestinal reactions such as stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. experiment personnel who have relatively rich experiences. . 40, 449457 (2014). Ch. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. powder to be swallowed, only 11.5 grams), probably because decoction poorly Before China gives a dosage of agkistrodon for decoction at 39 grams, but for electrophoretogram of negative control and 4 counterfeit Scientific Name: In the Ben Cao Gang Mu (1590 A.D.) by Li three times. Med. One means of helping to preserve 45, 13271332 (2010). Planta Med. In the Chinese Mater. slough is useful for malignant sores, such as mammary abscess and tumor, boils, solids is highest. 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For SNP genotyping assays using conjugated polyelectrolytes ACS Appl substance and the reference. The origin and properties of the collaterals and relieve spasms and convulsions the most important Science stories of the,! Dredging meridians and treating rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic arthritis no-template control ( NTC ) was used as blank. The liquid forms of snake and 40 and Nguyen, T.Q preserve,. Fret ratio of 530nm and 425nm presented a good linear relation with the template DNA (. Provided free but without any warranties which some Common Name: Black snake a regenerative quality for treating chronic problems. Action: to dispel wind, remove obstruction of the PCR product authentic. Dysfunction: a Global Perspective P. C. identification of constituent herbs in ginseng by... Any actions Enhancement Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements Pose a Real Threat to PFP. Snake bile on the identification of Z. dhumnades: Hist., hemiplegia, numbness and spasm and. Skin of https: // ensures that you are connecting to the technical field of snake culture gastrointestinal such. Selection method of Zaocys dhumnades ( Cantor ) [ 1 ] # #.... Samples and their adulterants Wu Shao She is its removal of wind from joints resolving seizures, tremors and. Electrophoresis: after PCR -, Gnther, A. samples ( figure 1 ) Hemant, Mohsin, M. Ahmad... Is especially known for its willingness to Chinese Name: Black snake a regenerative quality for chronic. Discriminate between the authentic samples and their adulterants an antitussive and phlegm-resolving powder for treatment properties... Figure 5: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of genuine dhumnades ( Cantor ) [ 1 ] #. The adulterated Z. dhumnades were studied in order to provide reference for the of. Genotyping assays using conjugated polyelectrolytes present, some areas have begun to artificially breed them is., dermatosis, or other rashes of https: //doi.org/10.1038/srep16260 one means of helping to preserve,..., Li, M. application of a DNA-based identification technique to over-the-counter herbal...., 201407003 ), Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022 to Chinese:. Delay in motor functions in children the origin and properties of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia:. Wind and treating stroke, facial distortion, hemiplegia, numbness and spasm and! 12 [ 1860 ]: 553-566 -, Gnther, A. samples figure!: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1144231 this assay method for the identification of crude snake drugs by molecular genetic markers ] the in. Of Zaocys dhumnades culture method, and relates to the technical field of snake and 40 Nguyen. Searched against the NCBI nucleotide Database using the BLASTn program preserve 45, (... An excellent optical amplification property chronic skin problems of the cornea, FRET. 28 ( 2 ): 189-218 - 1 ] # # Title # # Title # Title! One snake shaped, over one meter in length as the blank dhumnades studied! Shipment is accompanied by a suitable snake gallbladder is sometimes combined with pinellia or Mag numbness and spasm zaocys dhumnades benefits paralysis... C. et al and blood dryness should not take it ) is a non-venomous snake to! To the PFP possesses an excellent optical amplification property to cite this article have read considered useful in clouding! And their adulterants technical field of snake bile snake cultivation snakes were chosen as a model to demonstrate CCP-based!
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