Sub-camps sometimes held more than 1,000 prisoners, usually split by nationality, although English speakers were usually together for this purpose. In October 1944 most of the officers from the Warsaw Uprising were brought to this camp. A new camp for officers, Oflag II-E was created close by and Polish warrant officers and ensigns were transferred to it. Planning for the camp commenced before the invasion of Poland. Then they were used during the succesful escape attempt by Lieutenants Hans Larive and Franz Steinmetz (both of the Royal Netherlands Navy) on 15 August 1941. The camp was originally built as barracks for German Army infantry early in 1939 and consisted of concrete single storey buildings on a plateau north-west of the town. At each stalag, the German Army set up local sub-camps called Arbeitskommando for factories, coal-mines, quarries, farms or railroad maintenance. Part of the facilities were used as Oflag XIII-A for officers. Soviet prisoners, without the Convention's protection, were in substantially worse conditions. Stars: They were then moved out to other camps, the Commonwealth flying personnel to Stalag Luft III Sagan, others to Oflag XXI-C Ostrzeszw. Behind the imposing walls of . There were also camp number IIId/999 and IIId/517 camps listed in the German postal system, these were likely to have been in the case of 999 some sort of punishment camp (999 Battalions in the German SS/Army were severe punishment units for near suicidal missions) and in the case of 517 this was the camp that the British Freikorps were held at whilst training at Genshagen, location 52,19N 13,17E which held 264 British POWs at February 1945. By February 1941 there were 3,166 officers and 565 orderlies in the camp. Opened August 1940, closed September 1942. It was organised by the Schutzstaffel - SS-Baubrigade Iwhich was at first under direct supervision of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp; and after mid-February 1943 then run under the Neuengamme camp in northern Germanylocated near the old telegraph tower at La Foulre. Indexed by name sequences, WO 208/5405-5436 consists of the original loose-leaf documents upon which the reports in WO 208/3348-3352 are based. Miraculously only two Soviet prisoners were killed in the camp. After two to three days, the column reached Stettin. The largest POW camp in Austria and 2nd largest in the entire German Reich. However, in this and subsequent bombing attacks, many prisoners were killed in individual Arbeitskommandos. Near to the Main Leipzig Railway station with 25 patients. While the plans to question all liberated POWs never materialised, these records still represent a large percentage of those in enemy hands in 1945. 'Under construction' on USSME reports of late 1943 it appears this camp was relocated possibly from Bolzano to Acquapendente (Viterbo) at some point. Within the camp, British POWs were controlled by the Senior British Officer (SBO) or Senior British Non-Commissioned Officer (SBNCO). 1941: February, 200 French officers arrived. He returned to the UK in October 1945. There was an outbreak of typhus in early 1942. Within four days, 20 had been captured and returned to the camp. Director: | These were prisoners who defied the Nazis, attempted to escape , or were just generally hard to handle. Access to full details of seamen born less than 100 years ago may be restricted. | These included those who had escaped from other camps, as well asthose who could be used as possible bargaining chips (minor members of the Royal Family, Churchill's nephew and others). Located at 53 degrees, 41 minutes North, 16 degrees, 54 minutes East. By May 10, when news of the German surrender reached them, half the POWs had vanished. 14 sub work camps also at isola della scala, Lazise, Mozzecane, Vigasio, San Bernadino, Montecchia di Crosara, Legnano, Vendagadizza, Zevio, San Matino buon Albergo, Bonavigo, Oppeano & Angiari. It was located south of the railway tracks. On the approach of Allied forces in April 1945 all fit prisoners from the camps and neighbouring labour units were marched east to Stalag XVIII-C. Officially, the camp was liberated by elements of the British 8th Army on 11 May 1945. Transfer order granted, Works as doctor at, Hidden in baggage pile at Colditz rail station, Exchanged identities with French officers in transit to, Exchanged places with Lt. Stepninc and Lt. Jablonowski during Polish transfer, Orderlies who escaped from work party at Colditz train station, Sixty second rope escape down west terrace, Broke into German courtyard, hung from bottom of German truck. An epic story of survival, class wars and daring escapes: inside the fortress walls of Colditz Castle. | The successful escapes by Lt. Michael Duncan and Captain O'Sullivan were documented extensively at the time by British Intelligence. Drama, Romance, War. The term Red Cross parcel usually refers to packages containing mostly food, tobacco and personal hygiene items sent by the International Association of the Red Cross to prisoners of war during the First and Second World Wars, as well as at other times. The camp was built around a Polish boys' school by adding barracks. The camp had work camps close to the nearby aluminium factory. Sep 1939 - Dulag Gneixendorf was created; renamed Stalag XVII B Oct 1939; received first American POWs in Oct 1943 (that part of the camp was then called Stalag Luft XVII B). camp, and is mistakenly awarded with the Iron Cross by the Germans. Size salary was dependent of your military rank and was for Colonel 150 (eg, Brigadier 180), Col. 120, Major 108, Captain 98, Lt. 81, Lieutenant 72. A few of these orderlies had been assigned as batmen to senior officers and were incarcerated along with them, however, most were assigned by the Germans once captured and many disliked their new role intensely and suffered because of it. Within days the POWs were repatriated to their home countries. Aalsmeer Restricted Residence For Civilians Aalsmeer Holland, Air Corps Transit Camp Verona Italy 45-11, Amsterdam Restricted Residence For Civilians Amsterdam Holland 52-05, Bad Godesberg Lazarett (Serves Stalag XVII-A) Godesberg Rheinland, Prussia 50-07, Bad Soden-Salmunster Hospital (Serves Stalag IX- Bad Soden Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 50-09, Bad Sulze Hospital (Serves Stalag IX-C) Bad Sulze Saxe-Weimar 51-11, Bagno A Ripoli Florence (Firenze) Italy 43-11, Bagnolo-Piano Civilian Internment Camp Bagnolo-Piano Italy 44-10, Beujon Hospital For Civilians Clichy France 49-02, Bratislava POW Camp Bratislava Czechoslovakia 48-17, Brenners Park-Hotel Baden-Baden Baden (Civilian Internment Camp) 48-08, Brens Civilian Internment Camp Tarn France 44-02, Brevannes Sanitorium For Civilians Paris France 49-02, Brides Les Bains Civilian Internment Camp Brides Les Bains France 45-06, Camp Chumen (Shumla) Chumen Bulgaria 43-27, Camp De Gurs Civilian Internment Camp Basses-Pyrenees France 43-01, Camp de Noe Civilian Internment Camp Noe France 43-01, Camp Leled, Near Esztergom, Hungary 47-19, Camp San Tomaso Della Fossa Civilian Internment Camp Near Bagnolo-Piano Italy 45-11, Casablanca POW Camp Morocco North Africa 33-07, Compiegne Civilian Internment Camp (Subordinate to Frontstalag 122) Compiegne France 49-03, Concentration Camp Buchenwald (Near Weimar) Thuringia, Germany 51-11, Deutscher Luftwaffen Lazarett 203, Budapest, Hungary 47-19, Deutscher Luftwaffen Teil, Lazarett 201, Budapest, Hungary 47-19, Egendorf Hospital (Serves Stalag IX-C) Egendorf Thuringia, Germany 51-11, Elsterhorst Hospital 742 (Serves Stalag 4-C & 4-A) Elsterhorst Saxony 51-14, Eppenhain Hospital Eppenhain Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 49-08, Feldpost 31703(23.4.1944-24.11.1944) 10.10.1944 Armee-Gefangenen-Sammelstelle 59 -POW gathering area -Dulag. There were 20 officers and 4570 other ranks held here according to reports of 26/2/43. Closure dates refer to the both the evacuation or liberation of the site if in 1945, all other dates mean the camp was officially closed and the POWs transferred. Edward Fox, Approved Less than eight months later Oflag IV-C was captured by American soldiers from 1st US Army. 14 satellite work camps at Isola della Scala, Lazise, Mozzecane, Vigasio at San Bernardino, Montecchia di Crosara in the Cava Basalti stone farm, Legnago/Vangadizza at Rosta, Zevio at Villa da Lisca, San Martino Buon Albergo, Bonavigo, Oppeano in the Mazzantica Village, Mozzecane near the church, Angiari. Post-war the site was taken over by the United States Army and renamed Camp King. In May and June 1940 American, French and Belgian soldiers taken prisoner during the Battle of France arrived. After the failed Warsaw Uprising and "Operation Tempest" more prisoners were brought there from Poland. Among the Italian prisoners, were mostly soldiers who did not surrender to the German army after the Cassibile armistice (The armistice with the Allies where the Italian forces changed sides). Opened May 15th 1944, Located at coordinates 53 degrees 56 minutes 41 seconds North, 16 degrees 10 minutes 20 seconds east. West of Porto St. Giorgio on the Italian East coast. The sentry was not satisfied with their gate pass, so Stevens marched his party back into the camp. Oflag XIII-A, Oflag XIII-B and Oflag XIII-D were all located on the old Nazi party rally grounds in Langwasser, Nuremberg, in northern Bavaria. The camp was created in 1941 as the base camp for a number of work-camps (Arbeitskommando) for prisoners of war working in the mines and industries of Upper Silesia. | For Polish officers, this camp opened in October 1939 with the first transport of 1000 officers. Also listed as 'Gavi-Serravalle Scrivia Piedmont'. It was a fairly small camp with around 500 POWs, mostly Anzacs. Sep 13, 2016 Boban Docevski. After the Allied bombing raids on Wilhelmshaven in February 1942 this facility was moved to Westertimke. The camp was built in September 1939 to house Polish prisoners from the German invasion of Poland. The treatment was a little worse. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. Their disappearance went unnoticed the next day, so the next night another group escaped, a total of 132 men altogether. these were very much the exception to the normal rules and usually it seems the result of being caught in civilian clothing after escaping or during evasion from the military authorities and handed to the Gestapo. Just outside of the gates of Milag was the Kommandantur ("Headquarters") and accommodation for the guards. This information was intended to help IS9 (D) - Intelligence School 9 (D), a division of Military Intelligence 9 (MI9) - and, eventually, the sections responsible for tracing and rewarding of helpers, IS9 (AB). An incomplete nominal card index to these records is located in the Document Reading Room at The National Archives. | One of the most highly decorated POWs of the war was kept here, the only fighting soldier to be awarded the Victoria Cross twice. A cruel irony is that of the 6000 POWs kept here 150 were Jewish and allowed complete freedom of religion and non persecution although had they not been POWs their fate would certainly have been far worse as regular concentration camp bound trains passed the camp. These men were responsible for security, seemed to be able to over-rule the Army commandant of camps, no matter what his rank, conducted the most rigorous and unexpected searches of personal belongings, and sometimes treated prisoners with the brutality which (presumably) had become habitual to them in dealing with civil offenders. For Royal Air Force personnel details can include: where based, type of aircraft, when, where and how the aircraft was lost, and the presumed fate of the other aircrew. Beds were for officers, elderly and the sick. It is now known as Sankt Johann im Pongau. The prison camp had been constructed on the site of a former German military camp that had once billeted German cavalry troops and their horses. Soviet soldiers arrived shortly after the Nazis invaded The USSR in 1941. Most were immediately sent to Arbeitskommandos (work details). Interesting new book looking at the history of Colditz when it was home to various different POW's during WW2 and the characters involved some well known others not so. Another successful escaper from Marlag was Lieutenant David James, RNVR. The largest population present within the camp was Soviet, followed by the French, Belgian, Dutch, British and Commonwealth, Italian, and American prisoners were also present in large numbers. Documentary, History, Director: David Greene, PG-13 Privacy Policy and The most famous camp of them all, the book was written by the escape officer and one of the men to successfully escape Oflag IVc. Many of them died from the bitter cold and exhaustion. They successfully hid in one box-car full of boxes. The camp was liberated by the Red Army on the morning of 12 April 1945. There was also a sub-camp, designated Oflag XXI-C/Z established at Grune bei Lissa (now Gronwko, near to Leszno), between September 1943 and January 1945. Last edited on 26 September 2022, at 08:59, Attempted to impersonate a German sergeant, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_attempts_to_escape_Oflag_IV-C&oldid=1112431013, Hid in rafters of park pavilion, dressed as civilian. The number of inmates reached its peak of 5,944 officers and 796 orderlies. Moosburg was the central point in Southern Germany for the distribution of Red Cross parcels. At the end of 1943 it was evacuated and renamed Oflag 64 - & was probably the only German POW camp set up exclusively for U.S. Army officers. Sylt- SS Concentration camp 1027 persons at peak, 300 died. District XIX Nearest city Leipzig in the east of Germany. | Once their work was complete the Poles were relocated, and the first inhabitants of the camp were Dutch and Belgian. | Those who died in Stalag XXA were buried in the garrison military cemetery except Soviet POWs who were buried in a mass grave in the forest near Stalag 312, between Glinki and Cierpice. A Lazarett (hospital) cared for prisoners that were sick or had been injured in industrial accidents or air-raids. The author also provides a good view of the differences in German military factions, contrasting the Wehrmacht with the SS and so on. Later renamed Quebec barracks and a base of the British Army after the war. On the night of 17 September 1943 a large group of prisoners escaped. In December 1943 James slipped out of the shower block, but was arrested at the port of Lbeck. New Zealand Brigadiers James Hargest and Reginald Miles escaped to Switzerland. Director: All books are based on sound research and his readers will welcome his latest effort PRISONERS OF THE CASTLE: AN EPIC STORY OF SURVIVAL AND ESCAPE FROM COLDITZ, THE NAZIS FORTRESS PRISON. Twice as many KL inmates were then housed in, the already overcrowded, British POW barracks here. Located in Laufen Castle, in Laufen in south-eastern Bavaria from 1940 to 1942. As in other permanent camps the sheets on the beds were the biggest surprise to new arrivals. James Garner, ' But the numbers fall far short of conveying the sheer drama in the German camps. Camp E715 Buna/Monowitz where POWs worked alongside Jewish inmates from the adjacent Auschwitz III KZ (Konzentrationslager) -otherwise known as Extermination through work (Vernichtung durch Arbeit) camp. Soon afterwards a delegation of high-ranking German officers inspected the camp, and the prisoners were warned that "escaping is no longer a sport". (short for 'Geheime Staats Polizei': secret state police). Director: It can also refer to medical parcels and so-called "release parcels" provided during World War II. When the Italian armistice was announced on 8 September 1943 there were an estimated 80,000 Allied POWs in Italy. Suffixes on camps relate to their parent camp: i.e. There were constant, and very creative, escape attempts utilizing tunnels, disguises, forged papers and even hiding in a mattress. Opened originally in May 1942, 95other ranks were reported here on December30th 1942.. Work camps at Fattoria Bianco, Cetona, Abano, Fogolana. Please click on the Hire a Researcher button on the left-hand side navigation bar for more information. On a snowy day in December, 1943, while he looked out over the German town of Colditz, POW Bill Goldfinch noticed snowflakes outside his window . In September 1943 many British Commonwealth officers from the North Africa campaign. There were 4 sub camps located in the vicinity also. In addition, another tunnel was dug to store contraband. They were divided among the 25 huts to work as orderlies, in addition to the lower ranks that were already doing this work. The military authorities decided to conscript local German civilian women to assist with the rescue and clean up work. There was also a sub work camp at Casemasce di Todi for the Todi road. District VII Nearest city Munster in the North West region of Germany. The camp ended in an area called "Padule", under the village of Castelvecchio, next to the railway station of CollelinkingLucca to Pontedera until 1958. Some of the few remaining unevacuated Alderney natives (around about 2% of the population) also found themselves in there. Stalag V-B is recorded as at Villingen AND Biberach an de Ris both in Baden Location N/E 48-08, it is possible these are the 2 nearest locations hence it was named as both. A very unique window into WWII, as well as into prison life. Nearly 50,000 died there of hunger, disease, or were just simply murdered. Opened originally in December1941, 431other ranks were reported here on February 26th 1943. These first prisoners were the permanent staff of the camp and helped new POWs become accustomed to camp life. Prisoners were separated by nationality, and were intentionally kept from communicating with any other nations POWs this was common in most POW camps however. Building the Colditz Glider. In October 1941 the British officers were transferred to Oflag VI-B in Warburg. For details of POWs who died in captivity in Japan and Germany, try BT 373/3720-3721. Action, Drama, History, Deep in Malaya, as World War II is rapidly coming to an end, men, women and children, trapped by the Japanese invasion, are held captive in the Blood Island prison camp. True story of three British POWs and their attempt to escape from Nazi Germany. The camp was adjoined on one side to Stalag VIIIc, the 'other ranks' army camp, although the administration of both camps was entirely seperate. Within months two officers from Dssel, Lieutenant Jock Hamilton-Baillie and Captain Frank Weldon, proposed digging a tunnel north from Block 2's latrine to a villager's chicken coop about 30 m (98 ft) away. Colditz Castle was a maximum security prison from which no one was meant to escape but escape they did. Stalags were operated in both World War I and World War II and intended to be used for non-commissioned personnel (Enlisted ranks in US Army, Other ranks in British Commonwealth forces). Almost a thousand men struggled into formation. The original content was at Category:Colditz prisoners of World War II. Some of the French officers held at Colditz 1943: In May, the Wehrmacht High Command decided that Colditz should house only Americans and British, so in June the Dutch were moved out, followed shortly thereafter by the Poles, the Belgians, and the French; with the final French group leaving 12 July, 1943. 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